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Overview of Career Development Theory

Source: www.extension.psu.edu
Topic: Careers

Sort Desciption: The career development movement in the United States has paralleled other factors critical to the nations growth. It is just ...

Content Inside: Overview of Career Development Theory The career development movement in the United States has paralleled other factors critical to the nations growth. It is just within the past few years that the career selection strategies selected by school counselors have been called into question. The impact that career development has upon young persons is long-term and inestimable. For it is through the process of career development that an individual fashions a work identity (Tiedeman & OHara 1963). However in todays world fashioning a work identity may well be translated into fashioning an identity. In the American culture we are what we do. More frequently we are asked What do you do? rather than Who are you? For the young this decision is critical in determining the outcome of their lives. Reviewed below are some of the most frequently cited career development theories. Some of these theories have long tenure while others are newly evolving to address the emerging issues that gender race and social class present. Ginzberg Ginsburg Axelrad and Herma Theory 1951 Recognizing that vocational choice is influenced by four facts: the reality factor the influence of the educational process the emotional factor and individual values this theory proposes that it is a development path that leads to career choice. Starting in preteen and ending in young adulthood individuals pass through three stages: fantasy tentative and realistic. In the fantasy stage the child is free to pursue any occupational choice. Through this process the childs preferred activities are identified and related to future career choices. Beginning in the preteen years and continuing through high school the young person further defines their interests in capacity for and values of an occupational choice. The cumulative effect of the process is the transition process in which the adolescent begins the career choice process recognizes the consequences and responsibility of that choice. The r ...

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