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Archived: Adult Learners: The Social Cultural and Economic ...

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Topic: Economic History

Sort Desciption: The Social Cultural and Economic History. Behind Present Attitudes Toward Learning in Japan. Makoto Yamaguchi. Ryutsu Keizai University ...

Content Inside: 1 Adult Learners: The Social Cultural and Economic History Behind Present Attitudes Toward Learning in Japan Makoto Yamaguchi Ryutsu Keizai University Japan Social Cultural and Economic History of Japanese Adult Learning Japan is a small island country stretching in an arc along the easternmost coast of the Eurasian continent. And when we look at Japans education and learning we must remember the great influence exerted by this geographical situation. The British Isles are located at the western end of the same continent and are separated from the continental landmass by the 32-kilometer wide English Channel. In contrast Japan is separated from the continent by the Korean Straits about 162 kilometers in width and swept by high waves. In the days when navigation was not well developed Japans geographical location kept it away from the main trade routes and isolated from other major countries which were already taking pride in their advanced civilization. However Japans geographical location was not always a disadvantage for it since it was this that made it possible for Japan to remain a peaceful community free from invasion by other countries. (1) There are four historical facts that are of major importance in terms of Japans history of learning from and with foreign cultures namely: missions to China in the period from the 7th to the 9th century; a national policy of isolation in the 16th century (the Christian century); the Meiji Restoration in the 19th century and the occupation policy of the United States after World War II. Missions to China from the 7th to the 9th Century Early in the 7th century Prince Shotoku carried out a policy of sending missionaries to China a society which rightly took great pride in its advanced civilization so that the institutions science arts and ideas that had developed in China might be introduced into Japan. Missionaries and students were sent once in the year 600 three times during the period 607614 and at frequent reg ...

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