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Agricultural Risk Management or Income Enhancement?

Source: www.cato.org
Topic: Risk Management

Sort Desciption: dies in the name of risk management it is important to ..... in any given year actual costs of the risk management pro-. grams can vary greatly from year ...

Content Inside: R e g u l a t i o n 35 Volume 22 No. 1 For at least the past 20 years every secretary of agri- culture has had crop insurance reform as a major agenda item. However risk management took on new signifi- cance after the 1996 Farm Bill. The 1996 legislation was designed to end government price supports tied to prod- uct decisions in agriculture markets over a six-year peri- od through a program of declining transition payments fixed in law. Farmers cropping decisions would no longer be influenced by government payments. As a result farmers would need to learn to manage their own risk. The old game of protecting subsidies that were tied to price movements appeared to be largely over. The new game which sounded as though it were oriented more to the market and less toward rent seeking allegedly was risk management accompanied by a limited safety net. The federal multiple-peril crop insurance program now insures much more than crop yields. After being introduced in 1996 gross revenue insurance grew quickly from regional experiments to national programs. Revenue insurance insurance against declines of any combination of within-year price declines times farm-level yields short- falls is now a major component of the federal crop insur- ance portfolio. Approximately 17 percent of the 1998 fed- eral crop insurance premium was for gross revenue insurance programs. Some congressional members are calling for conversion of all yield insurance into revenue insurance.Others in the policyrealm are calling for whole- farm (multiple-crop) revenue insurance. The United States is now pilot-testing revenue insurance for a basket of crops. A pilot program that uses income tax gross revenue is underway for 1999. New crops are being added every year. The nursery insurance program has been enhanced and expanded. When we insure woody ornamentals and fresh-cut flowers using taxpayer subsidies one may ask how this fits into a food and fiber policy. Before Congress moves forw ...

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